'... a metal conducts and a non-metal doesn't'.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
Peter P EdwardsR Redmer

Abstract

In a letter to one of the authors, Sir Nevill Mott, then in his tenth decade, highlighted the fact that the statement '... a metal conducts, and a non-metal doesn't' can be true only at the absolute zero of temperature, T=0 K. But, of course, experimental studies of metals, non-metals and, indeed, the electronic and thermodynamic transition between these canonical states of matter must always occur above T=0 K, and, in many important cases, for temperatures far above the absolute zero. Here, we review the issues-theoretical and experimental-attendant on studies of the metal to non-metal transition in doped semiconductors at temperatures close to absolute zero (T=0.03 K) and fluid chemical elements at temperatures far above absolute zero (T>1000 K). We attempt to illustrate Mott's insights for delving into such complex phenomena and experimental systems, finding intuitively the dominant features of the science, and developing a coherent picture of the different competing electronic processes. A particular emphasis is placed on the idea of a 'Mott metal to non-metal transition' in the nominally metallic chemical elements rubidium, caesium and mercury, and the converse metallization transition in the nominally non-metal elements h...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 11, 2015·Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences·Friedrich HenselPeter P Edwards
Nov 10, 2017·Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP·Wojciech Grochala
Jan 22, 2020·Nature Chemistry·Michel RickhausHarry L Anderson
Sep 2, 2015·Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal·Kamran Behnia
Aug 20, 2020·Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences·Benzhen YaoPeter P Edwards
Feb 24, 2011·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Eva ZurekRoald Hoffmann

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