Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the anticancer effects of the combination of β-elemene and ligustrazine in vitro as well as in in vivo. Following evaluation using an MTT assay, β-elemene, ligustrazine and the β-elemene-ligustrazine combination treatments all exhibited the capacity to inhibit the growth of OS-732 cells, with inhibitory rates of 43.3, 54.4, and 75.0%, respectively. Using a flow cytometry assay, it was determined that the β-elemene-ligustrazine combination possessed the highest apoptotic rate (30.6%). Furthermore, β-elemene-ligustrazine combination treatment resulted in the highest downregulation of G protein-coupled receptor 124, vascular endothelial growth factor, matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 mRNA, and protein expression levels. In addition, the combined treatment led to an increase in the mRNA and protein expression of endostatin, TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2 in OS-732 cells. Additionally, β-elemene-ligustrazine caused a decrease in nuclear factor-κB, interleukin-8, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 and urokinase-type plasminogen activator mRNA expression, as well as an increase in caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 mRNA expression. In vivo, the β-elemene-ligustrazine co...Continue Reading
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