13C discrimination patterns in oceanic phytoplankton: likely influence of CO2 concentrating mechanisms, and implications for palaeoreconstructions

Functional Plant Biology : FPB
Edward A LawsJamie Tanimoto

Abstract

The isotopic composition of organic carbon buried in marine sediments is an appealing proxy for palaeo CO2 concentrations due to the well-documented effect of CO2 concentrations on carbon fractionation by phytoplankton. However, a number of factors, in addition to CO2 concentrations, influence this fractionation. Included among these factors are cell geometry, in particular surface/volume ratios, growth rate, and the presence of CO2 concentrating mechanisms. Other potentially confounding factors are calcification, diagenesis, and the nature of the growth-rate-limiting factor, e.g. light vs nutrients. Because of these confounding factors, palaeoreconstructions based on the isotopic composition of organic carbon (δ13C) will almost certainly have to be based on the isotopic signatures of organic compounds that can be associated with a single species, or group of physiologically similar species. Long-chain alkenones produced by certain species of coccolithophores may provide a suitable diagnostic marker. By combining the δ13C of the alkenone carbon with the δ13C of coccolith carbon and the Sr/Ca ratio of the coccoliths, it is possible to calculate the extent of carbon fractionation (εp) and estimate growth rates. However, active tr...Continue Reading

Citations

Sep 18, 2013·Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences·Yi Ge ZhangRobert Deconto
Mar 26, 2010·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Erik A Hobbie, C Kevin Boyce
Jan 15, 2016·Nature Communications·Clara T BoltonHeather M Stoll
Jul 26, 2018·Annual Review of Marine Science·Hilary G Close
Jan 25, 2006·Photosynthesis Research·Abir U Igamberdiev, Peter J Lea
Feb 18, 2011·Photosynthesis Research·John A RavenStephen C Maberly
Oct 14, 2014·The New Phytologist·Sven A KranzFrançois M M Morel
Aug 30, 2013·Nature·Clara T Bolton, Heather M Stoll
Jan 11, 2012·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·John A RavenStephen C Maberly

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