β2-glycoprotein I and oxidative inflammation in early atherogenesis: a progression from innate to adaptive immunity?

Autoimmunity Reviews
Eiji MatsuuraPaul R J Ames

Abstract

The innate immune system represents the first line of host defense against a wide variety of pathogens and endogenous danger signals. It relies on trans-membrane signaling and cytoplasmic receptors (danger sensors) to trigger early inflammatory responses. As with the adaptive immunity, an innate immune response can cause tissue injury, chronic inflammation and disease. Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich proteins (NLRs) are a family of cytoplasmic receptors for endogenous danger signals. Inflammasomes are multi-molecular complexes of pyrin-containing NLRs (NLRPs) that regulate pro-inflammatory caspases and interleukin 1 cytokines in response to various stimuli. Cholesterol crystals and oxidation-specific epitopes (oxLDL, ROS) are some of the endogenous signals capable of activating NLRP inflammasomes. Thus, an inflammasome-induced IL-1β dysregulation may represent an early atherogenic mechanism that initiates atherosclerosis. The plasma protein, β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI), complexed to anionic phospholipids is the main antigenic target for antiphospholipid antibodies. In addition to anticoagulant properties, circulating β2GPI has more pleiotropic functions affecting fibrinolysis, angiogenesis, apoptosis and atherogenesis. OxLDL inte...Continue Reading

References

Dec 20, 2002·Nature·Peter Libby
Apr 22, 2005·The New England Journal of Medicine·Göran K Hansson
Aug 30, 2005·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Kazuko KobayashiEiji Matsuura
Jan 13, 2006·Nature·Fabio MartinonJürg Tschopp
Feb 25, 2006·Cell·Shizuo AkiraOsamu Takeuchi
Jun 23, 2006·Progress in Lipid Research·Eiji MatsuuraLuis R Lopez
Jun 30, 2007·Cell Death and Differentiation·V PétrilliJ Tschopp
Jul 20, 2007·The New England Journal of Medicine·Saul Malozowski, Jon Todd Sahlroot
Mar 26, 2008·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Jenny P-Y TingDaniel T Bergstralh
Jul 16, 2008·Autoimmunity Reviews·Eiji MatsuuraMunther A Khamashta
Mar 24, 2009·Annual Review of Immunology·Charles A Dinarello
Sep 11, 2009·Clinical Immunology : the Official Journal of the Clinical Immunology Society·Anna M Lundberg, Göran K Hansson
Dec 4, 2009·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Andrea StutzEicke Latz
Dec 22, 2009·Nature Immunology·Rongbin ZhouJürg Tschopp
Aug 4, 2010·Autoimmunity Reviews·S SitiaM Turiel
Aug 10, 2010·Autoimmunity Reviews·Fabiola AtzeniPiercarlo Sarzi-Puttini

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 11, 2013·Arthritis Research & Therapy·Aisha Lateef, Michelle Petri
Mar 20, 2014·BMC Medicine·Eiji MatsuuraMichael T Nurmohamed
Nov 19, 2014·Journal of Immunology Research·Jeffrey S BergerLuis R Lopez
Mar 12, 2015·International Journal of Molecular Medicine·Kuang PengPeng Qu
Oct 4, 2014·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·Esin ErenNecat Yilmaz
Apr 18, 2016·International Immunopharmacology·Tsuyoshi KasamaYusuke Miwa
Oct 31, 2017·International Journal of Obesity : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·M SiklovaP Kraml
Feb 15, 2017·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Marisa BenagianoMario M D'Elios
Oct 23, 2012·Cellular & Molecular Immunology·Willi K BornRebecca L O'Brien
Mar 10, 2020·Interventional Medicine & Applied Science·Mohammad Reza AsgariRaheleh Ghadiri
Aug 8, 2018·International Journal of Molecular Medicine·Ting WangTing Wang
Apr 20, 2018·Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/hemostasis : Official Journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis·Paul R J AmesMaurizio Maraglione
Apr 5, 2020·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Alexander N OrekhovIgor A Sobenin
Jan 30, 2021·JACC. CardioOncology·Taxiarchis V KourelisEllen D McPhail
Jul 3, 2020·JACC. Basic to Translational Science·Shuang ChenMoshe Arditi

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Apoptotic Caspases

Apoptotic caspases belong to the protease enzyme family and are known to play an essential role in inflammation and programmed cell death. Here is the latest research.

Cardiac Remodeling

Cardiac remodeling in response to a myocardial infarction is characterized by progressive ventricular dilatation, cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and deterioration of cardiac performance. Discover the latest research on Cardiac Remodeling here.

CV Disorders & Type 2 Diabetes

This feed focuses on the association of cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Autoimmune Diseases

Autoimmune diseases occur as a result of an attack by the immune system on the body’s own tissues resulting in damage and dysfunction. There are different types of autoimmune diseases, in which there is a complex and unknown interaction between genetics and the environment. Discover the latest research on autoimmune diseases here.

Cardiovascular Inflammation

Inflammation plays a significant role in the development of cardiovascular diseases, an understanding of these endogenous processes is critical for evaluating the risks and potential treatment strategies. Discover the latest research on cardiovascular inflammation here.

Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis

Biomarkers for Type 2 Diabetes

Biomarkers can help understand chronic diseases and assist in risk prediction for prevention and early detection of diseases. Here is the latest research on biomarkers in type 2 diabetes, a disease in which the body is unable to produce or properly use insulin.

Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. Discover the latest research on atopic dermatitis here.

Cardiovascular Disease Pathophysiology

Cardiovascular disease involves several different processes that contribute to the pathological mechanism, including hyperglycemia, inflammation, atherosclerosis, hypertension and more. Vasculature stability plays a critical role in the development of the disease. Discover the latest research on cardiovascular disease pathophysiology here.

Caspases in Metabolic Diseases

Caspases, the family of cysteine proteases are involved in programmed cell death, but their role in metabolic diseases, inflammation and immunity has been of interested. Discover the latest research on caspases in metabolic diseases here.

Atherosclerosis Disease Progression

Atherosclerosis is the buildup of plaque on artery walls, causing stenosis which can eventually lead to clinically apparent cardiovascular disease. Find the latest research on atherosclerosis disease progression here.

Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Antiphospholipid syndrome or antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS or APLS), is an autoimmune, hypercoagulable state caused by the presence of antibodies directed against phospholipids.