2-Year-Olds' Speech Understanding in Multitalker Environments

Infancy : the Official Journal of the International Society on Infant Studies
Rochelle S Newman

Abstract

Infants and toddlers are often spoken to in the presence of background sounds, including speech from other talkers. Prior work has suggested that infants 1 year of age and younger can only recognize speech when it is louder than any distracters in the environment. The present study tests 24-month-olds' ability to understand speech in a multitalker environment. Children were presented with a preferential-looking task in which a target voice told them to find one of two objects. At the same time, multitalker babble was presented as a distracter, at one of four signal-to-noise ratios. Children showed some ability to understand speech and look at the appropriate referent at signal-to-noise ratios as low as -5 dB. These findings suggest that 24-month-olds are better able to selectively attend to an interesting voice in the context of competing distracter voices than are younger infants. There were significant correlations between individual children's performance and their vocabulary size, but only at one of the four noise levels; thus, it does not appear that vocabulary size is the driving factor in children's listening improvement, although it may be a contributing factor to performance in noisy environments.

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Citations

May 4, 2020·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Rochelle S NewmanMonita Chatterjee
Jan 10, 2013·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Rochelle Newman, Monita Chatterjee
Nov 7, 2014·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Justine Dombroski, Rochelle S Newman
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Aug 2, 2017·Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR·Elina Niemitalo-HaapolaEira Jansson-Verkasalo
Jul 22, 2016·Child Development·Brianna T M McMillan, Jenny R Saffran
May 15, 2021·Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior·Kaoru SekiyamaRyoko Mugitani

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