24-h urinary sodium excretion is associated with obesity in a cross-sectional sample of Australian schoolchildren

The British Journal of Nutrition
Carley A GrimesCaryl A Nowson

Abstract

Emerging evidence indicates that dietary Na may be linked to obesity; however it is unclear whether this relationship is independent of energy intake (EI). The aim of this study was to assess the association between Na intake and measures of adiposity, including BMI z score, weight category and waist:height ratio (WHtR), in a sample of Australian schoolchildren. This was a cross-sectional study of schoolchildren aged 4-12 years. Na intake was assessed via one 24-h urine collection. BMI was converted to age- and sex-specific z scores, and WHtR was used to define abdominal obesity. In children aged ≥8 years, EI was determined via one 24-h dietary recall. Of the 666 children with valid urine samples 55 % were male (average age 9·3 (sd 1·8) years). In adjusted models an additional 17 mmol/d of Na was associated with a 0·10 higher BMI z score (95 % CI 0·07, 0·13), a 23 % (OR 1·23; 95 % CI 1·16, 1·31) greater risk of being overweight/obese and a 15 % (OR 1·15; 95 % CI 1·09, 1·23) greater risk of being centrally obese. In the subsample of 8-12-year-old children (n 458), adjustment for EI did not markedly alter the associations between Na and adiposity outcomes. Using a robust measure of daily Na intake we found a positive association ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 23, 2020·Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology·Osvaldo J Rivera-GonzalezJoshua S Speed
Feb 12, 2020·Paediatrics & Child Health·Manjula GowrishankarMichael J Rieder
Dec 27, 2016·International Journal of Obesity : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·M LeeJ Park
Mar 20, 2018·European Journal of Nutrition·Nahid RafieSayyed Morteza Safavi
Jan 10, 2019·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Lixia ZhaoCynthia L Ogden
May 1, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Kehong FangYiyao Lian

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