24(S),25-epoxycholesterol: a messenger for cholesterol homeostasis

The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
Andrew J Brown

Abstract

The oxysterol 24(S),25-epoxycholesterol is made in a shunt in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway in all cholesterogenic cells. Evidence is emerging that endogenous 24(S),25-epoxycholesterol can work at several levels to control acute cholesterol homeostasis. For instance, this oxysterol suppresses activation of the master regulators of cholesterol homeostasis, the sterol regulatory element binding proteins. Indeed, 24(S),25-epoxycholesterol appears to serve as a measure of cholesterol synthesis and to protect against surges in the production of this potentially cytotoxic molecule. In addition, endogenous 24(S),25-epoxycholesterol is a natural ligand for the liver X receptors which induce expression of cholesterol efflux-related genes. Levels of endogenous 24(S),25-epoxycholesterol can be artificially elevated by partially inhibiting the step after the start of the shunt, catalysed by oxidosqualene cyclase. The idea of manipulating a self-governing pathway for the production of a physiological regulator, that can enhance cholesterol removal and decrease uptake and synthesis, is attractive and warrants further evaluation.

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Citations

Feb 18, 2011·Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy·Saloni Gill, Andrew J Brown
May 15, 2013·Biochemistry and Cell Biology = Biochimie Et Biologie Cellulaire·Rosana CrespoMónica P Polo
Jan 30, 2013·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·James Robert Krycer, Andrew John Brown
Apr 9, 2013·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Ming ZhaoChun-Tao Che
Dec 25, 2015·Medical Oncology·Claudia StäubertAnders Nordström
Dec 20, 2011·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Eser J ZerenturkAndrew J Brown
Aug 2, 2011·Progress in Lipid Research·John S Burg, Peter J Espenshade
Sep 22, 2010·Experimental Cell Research·Makiko FukunagaChisei Ra
Apr 16, 2013·Biochemical Pharmacology·Alexander MazeinPeter Ghazal
Oct 8, 2013·Progress in Lipid Research·Eser J ZerenturkAndrew J Brown
Apr 22, 2014·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Magnus BentingerMichael Tekle
Nov 11, 2017·Journal of Lipid Research·Amany MohamedElena Posse de Chaves
Aug 8, 2018·American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology·Christopher McCraeMadeleine Rådinger
Oct 16, 2015·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Masanori HonshoYukio Fujiki
Jan 1, 2017·Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety·Camelia PapucValentin Nicorescu
Jun 11, 2021·Biochemical Pharmacology·Vikas DaggubatiNavdar Sever

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