Abstract
One of the most pronounced effects of the hormonally active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), is increased synthesis of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1), the enzyme responsible for the catabolism of 1,25(OH)2D3. Thus, 1,25(OH)2D3 regulates its own metabolism, protecting against hypercalcemia and limiting the levels of 1,25(OH)2D3 in cells. This chapter summarizes the catalytic properties of CYP24A1, the recent data related to the crystal structure of CYP24A1, the findings obtained from the generation of mice deficient for the Cyp24a1 gene as well as recent data identifying a causal role of a genetic defect in CYP24A1 in certain patients with idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia. This chapter also reviews the regulation of renal and placental CYP24A1 as well as the genomic mechanisms, including coactivators, repressors, and epigenetic modification, involved in modulating 1,25(OH)2D3 regulation of CYP24A1. We conclude with future research directions related to this key regulator of 1,25(OH)2D3 catabolism and calcium homeostasis.
Citations
Aug 5, 2016·Dermato-endocrinology·William B GrantMichael F Holick
Feb 9, 2018·The Veterinary Record·Christoph J KlingerRalf S Mueller
Aug 2, 2018·Experimental Dermatology·Wenlin WuZhongjian Xie
Jan 12, 2019·Fetal and Pediatric Pathology·Yan SunGuimei Li
Oct 30, 2016·Bone Research·Vaishali VeldurthySylvia Christakos
Jul 2, 2017·Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders·Cristina de AngelisRosario Pivonello
Jun 14, 2019·The World Journal of Men's Health·Gianmartin CitoAlessandro Natali
Aug 24, 2019·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Mark B MeyerJ Wesley Pike
Mar 1, 2020·Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·Marc JohnsenRoman-Ulrich Müller
Aug 9, 2018·Journal of Molecular Neuroscience : MN·Luisa AgnelloMarcello Ciaccio
Nov 23, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Daniel N Roffe-VazquezLeticia Elizondo-Montemayor
Aug 6, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Jasmijn A SchrumpfPieter S Hiemstra
Jun 13, 2019·Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine : CCLM·Elisa De PaolisEttore Capoluongo
Feb 19, 2021·Frontiers in Physiology·Chongxiao ChenWoo Kyun Kim
Sep 14, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Maria PlesaQutayba Hamid
Apr 11, 2019·Journal of Innate Immunity·Jasmijn A SchrumpfPieter S Hiemstra