3D airway model to assess airway dead space

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition
Ashley NievesAlan M Groves

Abstract

High flow therapy works partly by washout of airway dead space, the volume of which has not been quantified in newborns. This observational study aimed to quantify airway dead space in infants and to compare efficacy of washout between high flow devices in three-dimensional (3D) printed airway models of infants weighing 2.5-3.8 kg. Nasopharyngeal airway dead space volume was 1.5-2.0 mL/kg in newborns. A single cannula device produced lower carbon dioxide (CO2) levels than a dual cannula device (33.7, 31.2, 23.1, 15.9, 10.9 and 6.3 mm Hg vs 36.8, 35.5, 32.1, 26.8, 23.1 and 18.8 mm Hg at flow rates of 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 L/min, respectively; p<0.0001 at all flow rates). Airway pressure was 1 mm Hg at all flow rates with the single cannula but increased at higher flow rates with the dual cannula.Relative nasopharyngeal airway dead space volume is increased in newborns. In 3D-printed airway models, a single cannula high flow device produces improved CO2 washout with lower airway pressure.

References

Apr 19, 2002·Journal of Applied Physiology·Mateja CernelcUrs Frey
Dec 19, 2015·Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition·C T RobertsUNKNOWN Australian & New Zealand Neonatal Network (ANZNN)
Jan 16, 2016·Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition·Sandeep ShettyAnne Greenough
Feb 13, 2016·Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine·Brett J Manley, Louise S Owen
Jun 17, 2016·International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease·Jens BräunlichHubert Wirtz
Sep 23, 2016·The New England Journal of Medicine·Calum T RobertsUNKNOWN HIPSTER Trial Investigators

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Citations

Apr 2, 2021·Anaesthesia and Intensive Care·Natasha AbeysekeraKevin B Laupland
May 20, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology·Mar Janna DahlKurt H Albertine

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