5-methylcytosine and its derivatives

Advances in Clinical Chemistry
Bi-Feng Yuan

Abstract

Epigenetics has undergone an explosion in the past decade. DNA methylation, consisting of the addition of a methyl group at the fifth position of cytosine (5-methylcytosine, 5-mC) in a CpG dinucleotide, is a well-recognized epigenetic mark with important functions in cellular development and pathogenesis. Numerous studies have focused on the characterization of DNA methylation marks associated with disease development as they may serve as useful biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of response to therapy. Recently, novel cytosine modifications with potential regulatory roles such as 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5-foC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5-caC) have been discovered. Study of the functions of 5-mC and its oxidation derivatives promotes the understanding of the mechanism underlying association of epigenetic modifications with disease biology. In this respect, much has been accomplished in the development of methods for the discovery, detection, and location analysis of 5-mC and its oxidation derivatives. In this review, we focus on the recent advances for the global detection and location study of 5-mC and its oxidation derivatives 5-hmC, 5-foC, and 5-caC.

Citations

Jan 14, 2016·Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences·Laila C SchenkelBekim Sadikovic
Dec 24, 2018·Journal of Separation Science·James AsensoDao-Quan Tang
Nov 13, 2015·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·Hao-Ying ZhangBi-Feng Yuan
Jun 1, 2018·International Journal of Genomics·Chunyang FengTianmin Xu
Jan 8, 2021·BMC Medical Genomics·Bei-Hao ShiuYung-Po Liaw

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