A Balance between Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Volumes Controls Spindle Length

PloS One
Lucia NovakovaMartin Anger

Abstract

Proper assembly of the spindle apparatus is crucially important for faithful chromosome segregation during anaphase. Thanks to the effort over the last decades, we have very detailed information about many events leading to spindle assembly and chromosome segregation, however we still do not understand certain aspects, including, for example, spindle length control. When tight regulation of spindle size is lost, chromosome segregation errors emerge. Currently, there are several hypotheses trying to explain the molecular mechanism of spindle length control. The number of kinetochores, activity of molecular rulers, intracellular gradients, cell size, limiting spindle components, and the balance of the spindle forces seem to contribute to spindle size regulation, however some of these mechanisms are likely specific to a particular cell type. In search for a general regulatory mechanism, in our study we focused on the role of cell size and nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio in this process. To this end, we used relatively large cells isolated from 2-cell mouse embryos. Our results showed that the spindle size upper limit is not reached in these cells and suggest that accurate control of spindle length requires balanced ratio between nucl...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1985·The Journal of Cell Biology·R B Nicklas, G W Gordon
Mar 16, 2000·Zygote : the Biology of Gametes and Early Embryos·M A CiemerychJ Z Kubiak
Feb 26, 2003·Cell·Matthew KirkhamAnthony A Hyman
Feb 16, 2006·Trends in Cell Biology·Philippe BastiaensEric Karsenti
Jan 31, 2007·The Journal of Cell Biology·Julien DumontMarie-Hélène Verlhac
May 13, 2008·Journal of Cell Science·Petr Kalab, Rebecca Heald
Jul 30, 2008·The Journal of Cell Biology·Alexander W Bird, Anthony A Hyman
Aug 23, 2008·Current Biology : CB·Martin WührTimothy J Mitchison
Nov 13, 2009·Current Biology : CB·Sophie Dumont, Timothy J Mitchison
Jan 14, 2010·Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology·Claire E WalczakAlexey Khodjakov
Feb 9, 2010·Current Biology : CB·Garrett GreenanAnthony A Hyman
Jul 8, 2010·Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology·Gohta Goshima, Jonathan M Scholey
Jan 24, 2012·Current Biology : CB·Sung Hugh Choi, Dannel McCollum
May 12, 2012·Current Biology : CB·Nathan W Goehring, Anthony A Hyman
Aug 2, 2012·The Journal of Cell Biology·Aurélien CourtoisTakashi Hiiragi
Sep 8, 2012·Science·Yee-Hung M Chan, Wallace F Marshall
Jan 2, 2013·Trends in Cell Biology·Lisa J EdensDaniel L Levy
Apr 27, 2013·Human Genetics·Elpida FragouliDagan Wells
Aug 24, 2013·Biology of Reproduction·Katie Howe, Greg FitzHarris
Nov 16, 2013·Science·Matthew C GoodRebecca Heald
Feb 8, 2014·Current Opinion in Cell Biology·Predrag JevtićDaniel L Levy
Jul 30, 2014·The Journal of Cell Biology·Kara J Helmke, Rebecca Heald
Oct 17, 2014·Molecular Biology of the Cell·Natalie J NannasAndrew W Murray
Aug 5, 2015·The Journal of Cell Biology·Jingyan FuChuanmao Zhang
Oct 7, 2015·Current Biology : CB·Martin WührSteven P Gygi

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Feb 9, 2017·Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology·Suzanna L Prosser, Laurence Pelletier
Feb 1, 2020·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Developmental Biology·Chase C WesleyDaniel L Levy
Jun 6, 2020·Essays in Biochemistry·Lara K Krüger, Phong T Tran
Jun 28, 2020·Journal of Cell Science·Yuki Hara
Dec 22, 2020·The Biochemical Journal·Nikita MundharaDulal Panda
Nov 21, 2020·Current Biology : CB·Elisa Maria RieckhoffJan Brugués
Oct 7, 2021·Zygote : the Biology of Gametes and Early Embryos·Nguyen Thi MenKazuhiro Kikuchi

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
in vitro transcription

Software Mentioned

Prism
MS Excel
Imaris

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.