PMID: 11607697Aug 6, 1996Paper

A Carboniferous insect gall: insight into early ecologic history of the Holometabola

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
C C Labandeira, T L Phillips

Abstract

Although the prevalence or even occurrence of insect herbivory during the Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) has been questioned, we present the earliest-known ecologic evidence showing that by Late Pennsylvanian times (302 million years ago) a larva of the Holometabola was galling the internal tissue of Psaronius tree-fern fronds. Several diagnostic cellular and histological features of these petiole galls have been preserved in exquisite detail, including an excavated axial lumen filled with fecal pellets and comminuted frass, plant-produced response tissue surrounding the lumen, and specificity by the larval herbivore for a particular host species and tissue type. Whereas most suggestions over-whelmingly support the evolution of such intimate and reciprocal plant-insect interactions 175 million years later, we provide documentation that before the demise of Pennsylvanian age coal-swamp forests, a highly stereotyped life cycle was already established between an insect that was consuming internal plant tissue and a vascular plant host responding to that herbivory. This and related discoveries of insect herbivore consumption of Psaronius tissues indicate that modern-style herbivores were established in Late Pennsylvanian coal-s...Continue Reading

References

Aug 1, 1994·Current Biology : CB·G PanganibanS B Carroll

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Citations

Sep 1, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Donald I Williamson
Jun 19, 2008·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Graham N StoneJan G Brewer
Jan 28, 1998·Annual Review of Entomology·J B Whitfield
Dec 1, 2001·Annual Review of Entomology·James W Truman, Lynn M Riddiford
Jun 26, 2009·BMC Biology·Brian M WiegmannDavid K Yeates
Oct 11, 2012·PloS One·Russell GarwoodPhilip J Withers
Feb 4, 2016·Scientific Reports·Cynthia T Hsu, Vikas Bhandawat
May 14, 2010·Current Opinion in Genetics & Development·Taro MitoSumihare Noji
Sep 25, 2009·Conservation Biology : the Journal of the Society for Conservation Biology·Carlos Roberto Fonseca
Sep 30, 2015·BMC Evolutionary Biology·Joachim T HaugSusan Brown
Dec 17, 2014·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Vassilis Stratoulias, Tapio I Heino
Jun 23, 2012·Systematic Biology·Fredrik RonquistAlexandr P Rasnitsyn
Dec 19, 2018·Environmental Entomology·Marcelo Guerra SantosKlaus Mehltreter
Nov 28, 2019·The New Phytologist·Marion O Harris, Andrea Pitzschke
Dec 1, 2020·Frontiers in Plant Science·John F Tooker, David Giron
Jun 6, 2000·Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution·B M WiegmannE S Nielsen

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