A case of imported Plasmodium malariae malaria.

Annals of Laboratory Medicine
Yun Ji HongEui Chong Kim

Abstract

Malaria, the most common vector-borne parasite infection worldwide, results from infection by Plasmodium species. Approximately 80% of malaria cases are caused by P. vivax, which is broadly distributed from tropical to temperate regions; P. falciparum is the second most common infectious species. P. malariae and P. ovale are responsible for a relatively small proportion of malaria cases. Here, we report the case of a 23-yr-old Korean woman who acquired a P. malariae infection while visiting the Republic of Ghana in West Africa for business. She was diagnosed with P. malariae malaria on the basis of peripheral blood smear (PBS) and species-specific conventional and real-time PCR assays for 18S rRNA. She was treated with hydroxychloroquine, and the resulting PBS examination on day 2 suggested that negative conversion occurred. At her 1-month follow-up, however, both the PBS examination and molecular test for malaria demonstrated recurrent parasitemia. We started rescue therapy with mefloquine, and the patient recovered successfully. This is an important finding suggesting possible late recrudescence of a chloroquine-resistant P. malariae strain identified not only by its morphological features, but also by molecular tests.

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Citations

Apr 9, 2014·Case Reports in Medicine·Irfanali R KugasiaHussein Assallum
Apr 16, 2016·Parasitology Research·Joachim RichterHeinz Mehlhorn
Jul 31, 2014·Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical·Edgar Leonardo Martínez-Salazar, Alberto Tobón-Castaño
Aug 11, 2017·PloS One·Mayra Araguaia Pereira FigueiredoRosangela Zacarias Machado
May 16, 2019·Malaria Journal·Romualdo GrandeCarlo Severini
Jan 29, 2021·Critical Reviews in Microbiology·Eniyou C OrieroAlfred Amambua-Ngwa

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
electrophoresis
prophylactic therapy

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