PMID: 9546414Apr 18, 1998Paper

A case study of cytokine profiles in acute human babesiosis

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
M F Shaio, P R Lin

Abstract

The immune response in a patient with acute babesiosis was determined by measurements of lymphocyte subpopulations, serum levels of cytokines, and adhesion molecules. The ratio of CD4+:CD8+ lymphocytes was reduced early in the infection, but returned to a normal value after treatment with azithromycin and quinine. Natural killer (NK) cells markedly increased in the acute phase but progressively decreased and to the normal range in the convalescent phase. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma, interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-6, E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 were highly elevated in the acute phase while normal levels of these mediators were observed one month after treatment. These results suggest that CD8+ T cells and NK cells may be involved in the host defense mechanisms against acute babesiosis.

Citations

Jan 6, 2010·Infection and Immunity·Leonie M van DuivenvoordeAlan W Thomas
Jul 20, 2019·Pathogens·Evan M BlochPeter J Krause
Mar 20, 2020·Open Forum Infectious Diseases·Lin ZhaoWuchun Cao
Sep 6, 2020·Current Opinion in Hematology·Cheryl A LoboMarilis Rodriguez
Oct 13, 2006·Malaria Journal·Ian A ClarkWilliam B Cowden
Nov 26, 2015·Current Clinical Microbiology Reports·Rosalynn Louise Ord, Cheryl A Lobo
May 8, 2019·Parasite Immunology·Andrew LeisewitzJohan P Schoeman
Jun 22, 2012·The New England Journal of Medicine·Edouard Vannier, Peter J Krause
Oct 21, 2015·Journal of Clinical Apheresis·Nabiha Huq SaifeeYanyun Wu
Jul 24, 2013·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·R Barić RafajV Mrljak
Apr 10, 2020·Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy·Robert P SmithPeter J Krause
Jul 25, 2000·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·M J HomerD H Persing

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