A Chemical Alphabet for Macromolecular Communications

Analytical Chemistry
Stamatios GiannoukosStephen Taylor

Abstract

Molecular communications in macroscale environments is an emerging field of study driven by the intriguing prospect of sending coded information over olfactory networks. For the first time, this article reports two signal modulation techniques (on-off keying-OOK, and concentration shift keying-CSK) which have been used to encode and transmit digital information using odors over distances of 1-4 m. Molecular transmission of digital data was experimentally investigated for the letter "r" with a binary value of 01110010 (ASCII) for a gas stream network channel (up to 4 m) using mass spectrometry (MS) as the main detection-decoding system. The generation and modulation of the chemical signals was achieved using an automated odor emitter (OE) which is based on the controlled evaporation of a chemical analyte and its diffusion into a carrier gas stream. The chemical signals produced propagate within a confined channel to reach the demodulator-MS. Experiments were undertaken for a range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with different diffusion coefficient values in air at ambient conditions. Representative compounds investigated include acetone, cyclopentane, and n-hexane. For the first time, the binary code ASCII (American Standa...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 13, 2019·Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP·Luca FicheraNunzio Tuccitto
Apr 28, 2020·Nanoscale·Luca FicheraNunzio Tuccitto
Nov 30, 2018·Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP·Nunzio TuccittoGiovanni Marletta
Nov 6, 2020·Nanoscale·Luca FicheraNunzio Tuccitto

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