A clinical role for [(123)I]MIBG myocardial scintigraphy in the distinction between dementia of the Alzheimer's-type and dementia with Lewy bodies

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
M YoshitaM Yamada

Abstract

Scintigraphy with [(123)I]metaiodobenzyl guanidine ([(123)I]MIBG) enables the quantification of postganglionic sympathetic cardiac innervation. Recently, myocardial [(123)I]MIBG scintigraphy has been found to be useful in distinguishing Parkinson's disease, a Lewy body disease, from other akinetic rigid syndromes. Some patients initially diagnosed with dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) are discovered to have an alternative disease such as dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), despite the application of stringent diagnostic criteria. In the present study, examinations were performed to clarify the usefulness of myocardial [(123)I]MIBG scintigraphy in improving the differential diagnosis between patients with DLB and DAT. Fourteen patients with DLB and 14 patients with DAT underwent scintigraphy with [(123)I]MIBG, combined with orthostatic tests and cardiac examinations. In all patients with DLB, the heart to mediastinum (H/M) ratio of MIBG uptake was pathologically impaired in both early and delayed images, independently of the duration of disease and autonomic failure. All patients with DAT had successful MIBG uptake in the heart regardless of duration of disease and autonomic failure. Orthostatic hypotension was seen in four p...Continue Reading

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