A community-level investigation following a yellow fever virus outbreak in South Omo Zone, South-West Ethiopia.

PeerJ
Ranya MulchandaniLouisa A Messenger

Abstract

Despite the availability of a highly effective vaccine, yellow fever virus (YFV) remains an important public health problem across Africa and South America due to its high case-fatality rate. This study investigated the historical epidemiology and contemporary entomological and social determinants of a YFV outbreak in South Omo Zone (SOZ), Ethiopia. A YFV outbreak occurred in SOZ, Ethiopia in 2012-2014. Historical epidemiological data were retrieved from the SOZ Health Department and analyzed. Entomological sampling was undertaken in 2017, including mosquito species identification and molecular screening for arboviruses to understand mosquito habitat distribution, and finally current knowledge, attitudes and preventative practices within the affected communities were assessed. From October 2012 to March 2014, 165 suspected cases and 62 deaths were reported, principally in rural areas of South Ari region (83.6%). The majority of patients were 15-44 years old (75.8%) and most case deaths were males (76%). Between June and August 2017, 688 containers were sampled across 180 households to identify key breeding sites for Aedes mosquitoes. Ensete ventricosum ("false banana") and clay pots outside the home were the most productive nat...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 24, 2019·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Martial L Ndeffo-Mbah, Abhishek Pandey
Sep 4, 2020·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Adugna EndaleMengistu Legesse
Dec 23, 2020·Emerging Infectious Diseases·Natália C C de Azevedo FernandesJosé L Catão-Dias
Dec 29, 2020·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Steven W LindsayJakob Knudsen

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
ELISA
PCR

Software Mentioned

LightCycler ® 96
IC
PHEM
ClustalW
BLAST
BioNJ
STATA

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