A Comparative Study of Average, Linked Mastoid, and REST References for ERP Components Acquired during fMRI

Frontiers in Neuroscience
Ping YangLing Li

Abstract

In simultaneous electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies, average reference (AR), and digitally linked mastoid (LM) are popular re-referencing techniques in event-related potential (ERP) analyses. However, they may introduce their own physiological signals and alter the EEG/ERP outcome. A reference electrode standardization technique (REST) that calculated a reference point at infinity was proposed to solve this problem. To confirm the advantage of REST in ERP analyses of synchronous EEG-fMRI studies, we compared the reference effect of AR, LM, and REST on task-related ERP results of a working memory task during an fMRI scan. As we hypothesized, we found that the adopted reference did not change the topography map of ERP components (N1 and P300 in the present study), but it did alter the task-related effect on ERP components. LM decreased or eliminated the visual working memory (VWM) load effect on P300, and the AR distorted the distribution of VWM location-related effect at left posterior electrodes as shown in the statistical parametric scalp mapping (SPSM) of N1. ERP cortical source estimates, which are independent of the EEG reference choice, were used as the golden standard to inf...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 10, 2018·Frontiers in Psychology·Ana-Maria CebollaGuy Cheron
Nov 23, 2017·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Li DongDezhong Yao
Jun 4, 2018·Brain Topography·Wajid Mumtaz, Aamir Saeed Malik

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
SMA

Software Mentioned

Matlab
RESTr
BrainNet
BrainVISA
Net Station Waveform Tools
CURRY 7 Neuroimaging
NetStation
MarsBar
SPSM
SPSS Statistics

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