A comparative study of primary and secondary hemifacial spasm

Archives of Neurology
Carlo ColosimoAlfredo Berardelli

Abstract

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a common movement disorder. To evaluate possible differences in the demographic and clinical features between primary and secondary HFS. In-person interview using a standardized questionnaire to collect demographic and clinical data. A multicenter study that included patients with HFS attending 3 Italian academic centers. Patients Two hundred fourteen patients with HFS. A complete neurological examination assessed the current muscle distribution of spasm and the presence of synkinetic movements between upper and lower facial muscles. The study sample comprised 214 patients with HFS, 81 men and 133 women, having a mean +/- SD age of 65.9 +/- 12.3 years; 164 patients were classified as having primary HFS and 50 patients (48 postparalytic and 2 symptomatic cases) were classified as having secondary HFS. Patients with primary and those with secondary HFS had similar mean +/- SD ages at onset (54.9 +/- 13.5 vs 57.0 +/- 12.8 years), male-female ratios (63:101 vs 18:32), right-sided-left-sided HFS (77:86 [1 bilateral] vs 21:28 [1 bilateral]), and frequencies of familial cases (2.9% vs 2.0%), respectively. Most patients (65.0%) with primary HFS had initial symptoms of periocular muscle contractions alone and h...Continue Reading

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