A Comparison of Selective Pressures in Plant X-Linked and Autosomal Genes

Genes
Marc KrasovecDmitry A Filatov

Abstract

Selection is expected to work differently in autosomal and X-linked genes because of their ploidy difference and the exposure of recessive X-linked mutations to haploid selection in males. However, it is not clear whether these expectations apply to recently evolved sex chromosomes, where many genes retain functional X- and Y-linked gametologs. We took advantage of the recently evolved sex chromosomes in the plant Silene latifolia and its closely related species to compare the selective pressures between hemizygous and non-hemizygous X-linked genes as well as between X-linked genes and autosomal genes. Our analysis, based on over 1000 genes, demonstrated that, similar to animals, X-linked genes in Silene evolve significantly faster than autosomal genes—the so-called faster-X effect. Contrary to expectations, faster-X divergence was detectable only for non-hemizygous X-linked genes. Our phylogeny-based analyses of selection revealed no evidence for faster adaptation in X-linked genes compared to autosomal genes. On the other hand, partial relaxation of purifying selection was apparent on the X-chromosome compared to the autosomes, consistent with a smaller genetic diversity in S. latifolia X-linked genes (πx = 0.016; &p...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 23, 2019·Genome Biology and Evolution·Luohao XuTimothy B Sackton

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
PRJNA448567

Methods Mentioned

BETA
RNA-Seq

Software Mentioned

CodonW
PhyML
BWA
Codeml
Trinity
TransDecoder
PRANK
VCF2FAS
BLASTn ( Basic Local Alignment Search Tool )
SAMtools

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