A Computational Model of Implicit Memory Captures Dyslexics' Perceptual Deficits

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
Sagi Jaffe-DaxMerav Ahissar

Abstract

Dyslexics are diagnosed for their poor reading skills, yet they characteristically also suffer from poor verbal memory and often from poor auditory skills. To date, this combined profile has been accounted for in broad cognitive terms. Here we hypothesize that the perceptual deficits associated with dyslexia can be understood computationally as a deficit in integrating prior information with noisy observations. To test this hypothesis we analyzed the performance of human participants in an auditory discrimination task using a two-parameter computational model. One parameter captures the internal noise in representing the current event, and the other captures the impact of recently acquired prior information. Our findings show that dyslexics' perceptual deficit can be accounted for by inadequate adjustment of these components; namely, low weighting of their implicit memory of past trials relative to their internal noise. Underweighting the stimulus statistics decreased dyslexics' ability to compensate for noisy observations. ERP measurements (P2 component) while participants watched a silent movie indicated that dyslexics' perceptual deficiency may stem from poor automatic integration of stimulus statistics. This study provides ...Continue Reading

Citations

May 22, 2018·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Ola Ozernov-Palchik, Aniruddh D Patel
Jan 24, 2017·Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR·Luba DaikhinMerav Ahissar
Jan 16, 2019·Nature Neuroscience·Itay LiederMerav Ahissar
Apr 23, 2019·Dyslexia : the Journal of the British Dyslexia Association·Shani Kahta, Rachel Schiff
Jun 8, 2017·Frontiers in Psychology·Shannon L M HealdHoward C Nusbaum
Jun 12, 2020·Translational Psychiatry·Olga V SysoevaJohn J Foxe
Oct 7, 2021·Dyslexia : the Journal of the British Dyslexia Association·Ewa JacewiczRobert Allen Fox
Nov 22, 2021·Neuropsychologia·Sara D BeachTyler K Perrachione

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