A critical evaluation of the preventive effect of antiviral therapy on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis C or B: a novel approach by using meta-regression

Oncology
Ying-Chun ShenAnn-Lii Cheng

Abstract

The extent of the effect of antiviral therapy and its predictors in preventing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) or B (CHB) remain unclear. We conducted a systemic review and meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies (CSs) up to December 2010. Preventive efficacy was measured as absolute reduction in 3- and 5-year cumulative incidence of HCC with antiviral therapy. Predictors for efficacy were identified by using meta-regression. Twenty-two studies (5 RCTs; 17 CSs) were included for analysis. Antiviral therapy reduced 5-year cumulative incidence of HCC by 7.8% (95% CI 4.6-11.1; p < 0.0001) in patients with CHC and by 7.1% (95% CI 4.1-10.2; p < 0.0001) in patients with CHB. The efficacy was significant as early as 3 years after antiviral therapy. While adjusting for available study-level, patient and virological factors, RCT and higher sustained virological response were identified as pertinent predictors of superior preventive efficacy in patients with CHC, whereas lower hepatitis B virus e antigen seropositivity was identified in patients with CHB. Antiviral therapy did not result in differential preventive efficacy between cirrhotic an...Continue Reading

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