A debate on working memory and cognitive control: can we learn about the treatment of substance use disorders from the neural correlates of anorexia nervosa?

BMC Psychiatry
Samantha J Brooks

Abstract

Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a debilitating, sometimes fatal eating disorder (ED) whereby restraint of appetite and emotion is concomitant with an inflexible, attention-to-detail perfectionist cognitive style and obsessive-compulsive behaviour. Intriguingly, people with AN are less likely to engage in substance use, whereas those who suffer from an ED with a bingeing component are more vulnerable to substance use disorder (SUD). This insight into a beneficial consequence of appetite control in those with AN, which is shrouded by the many other unhealthy, excessive and deficit symptoms, may provide some clues as to how the brain could be trained to exert better, sustained control over appetitive and impulsive processes. Structural and functional brain imaging studies implicate the executive control network (ECN) and the salience network (SN) in the neuropathology of AN and SUD. Additionally, excessive employment of working memory (WM), alongside more prominent cognitive deficits may be utilised to cope with the experience of negative emotions and may account for aberrant brain function. WM enables mental rehearsal of cognitive strategies while regulating, restricting or avoiding neural responses associated with the SN. Therefore, hi...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 30, 2016·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Savani BartholdyOwen G O'Daly
Dec 30, 2016·European Eating Disorders Review : the Journal of the Eating Disorders Association·Valentin TerhoevenChristoph Nikendei
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Jul 16, 2017·Scientific Reports·Franziska RitschelStefan Ehrlich
Oct 12, 2017·Frontiers in Psychology·Samantha J BrooksHelgi B Schiöth

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