A finite-element model of oxygen diffusion in the pulmonary capillaries

Journal of Applied Physiology
A O FrankR L Johnson

Abstract

We determined the overall pulmonary diffusing capacity (DL) and the diffusing capacities of the alveolar membrane (Dm) and the red blood cell (RBC) segments (De) of the diffusional pathway for O2 by using a two-dimensional finite-element model developed to represent the sheet-flow characteristics of pulmonary capillaries. An axisymmetric model was also considered to assess the effect of geometric configuration. Results showed the membrane segment contributing the major resistance, with the RBC segment resistance increasing as O2 saturation (SO2) rises during the RBC transit: RBC contributed 7% of the total resistance at the capillary inlet (SO2 = 75%) and 30% toward the capillary end (SO2 = 95%) for a 45% hematocrit (Hct). Both Dm and DL increased as the Hct increased but began approaching a plateau near an Hct of 35%, due to competition between RBCs for O2 influx. Both Dm and DL were found to be relatively insensitive (2-4%) to changes in plasma protein concentration (28-45%). Axisymmetric results showed similar trends for all Hct and protein concentrations but consistently overestimated the diffusing capacities (approximately 2.2 times), primarily because of an exaggerated air-tissue barrier surface area. The two-dimensional ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 11, 2003·Journal of Applied Physiology·L Karina NaborsRonald L Capen
Jun 1, 1997·Journal of Applied Physiology·A S Popel
Aug 3, 2005·Journal of Biomechanical Engineering·Ali A Merrikh, José L Lage
Aug 4, 2007·Journal of Applied Physiology·Connie C W HsiaPeter D Wagner
Mar 20, 2020·Physiological Reviews·Marianela G DalghiGerard Apodaca
May 8, 1999·Journal of Applied Physiology·C C HsiaD Shah
Aug 18, 2004·Journal of Applied Physiology·Stephen Chad KanickWilliam J Federspiel
Mar 11, 2020·Trends in Analytical Chemistry : TRAC·Luke A GallionNancy L Allbritton
Jan 1, 2018·Analytica Chimica Acta·Qiong Pan, Amy E Herr
Jul 28, 2019·Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology·M-Y KangB Sapoval
Dec 3, 2014·Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology·Min-Yeong KangBernard Sapoval

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