A framework for detecting unfolding emergencies using humans as sensors

SpringerPlus
Marco AvvenutiMaurizio Tesconi

Abstract

The advent of online social networks (OSNs) paired with the ubiquitous proliferation of smartphones have enabled social sensing systems. In the last few years, the aptitude of humans to spontaneously collect and timely share context information has been exploited for emergency detection and crisis management. Apart from event-specific features, these systems share technical approaches and architectural solutions to address the issues with capturing, filtering and extracting meaningful information from data posted to OSNs by networks of human sensors. This paper proposes a conceptual and architectural framework for the design of emergency detection systems based on the "human as a sensor" (HaaS) paradigm. An ontology for the HaaS paradigm in the context of emergency detection is defined. Then, a modular architecture, independent of a specific emergency type, is designed. The proposed architecture is demonstrated by an implemented application for detecting earthquakes via Twitter. Validation and experimental results based on messages posted during earthquakes occurred in Italy are reported.

References

Apr 12, 2011·PloS One·James P BagrowAlbert-László Barabási
Nov 30, 2011·Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences·Mani SrivastavaBoleslaw Szymanski
Jan 24, 2012·Science·Richard M Allen
Sep 26, 2013·CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal De L'Association Medicale Canadienne·Matthew D SnapeAndrew J Pollard
Feb 7, 2014·Scientific Reports·Liang GaoDashun Wang

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Citations

Mar 10, 2020·Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness·Kamalich Muniz-RodriguezIsaac Chun-Hai Fung
Jul 14, 2018·Sensors·Mario G C A CiminoGigliola Vaglini
Dec 11, 2019·Scientific Data·Jens A de BruijnJeroen C J H Aerts
Nov 8, 2018··David GrafWerner Retschitzegger
Jan 11, 2018··Maurizio TesconiStefano Cresci

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Software Mentioned

Weka
Annotation Tool
NoSQL MongoDB
Weibo
Social Network Analyst
TED
Earthquake Alert and Report System ( EARS )
Twitter Search API
MySQL
Twitter Search

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