A fully automated analytical platform integrating water sampling-miniscale-liquid-liquid extraction-full evaporation dynamic headspace concentration-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the analysis of ultraviolet filters

Analytica Chimica Acta
Christina Shu Min LiewHian Kee Lee

Abstract

A fully automated analytical platform that seamlessly integrates online water sampling-sample preparation-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was developed for ultraviolet (UV) filters in this work. The online water sampling system consisted of a conventional sample vial (slightly modified to have both inlet and outlet ports), two tubings and a peristaltic pump, which controlled the water flow into and out of the vial. The sample preparation segment consists of miniscale liquid-liquid extraction (msLLE), coupled to full evaporation dynamic headspace concentration (FEDHS) on a commercial dual-arm autosampler. The extract from the msLLE step was subjected to a derivatization step, before being passed through a Tenax TA sorbent tube at the FEDHS stage. UV filters were used as model compounds in this work due to their potential endocrine and developmental toxicities, including benzhydrol, 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, homosalate, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 3-(4'-methylbenzylidene) camphor and benzophenone. The analytes (of which the first four underwent derivatization, by virtue of them possessing hydroxyl groups, but not the last two) were concentrated on the sorbent, and were thermally desorbed before being introduced t...Continue Reading

References

Oct 2, 2004·Toxicology·Margret SchlumpfWalter Lichtensteiger
Jun 15, 2005·Analytical Chemistry·Susan D Richardson, Thomas A Ternes
Nov 14, 2006·Journal of Chromatography. a·Li XuHian Kee Lee
Sep 21, 2011·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering·Agnes SieratowiczJörg Oehlmann
May 13, 2015·The Science of the Total Environment·Sara RamosLúcia Santos

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