A fully integrated paperfluidic molecular diagnostic chip for the extraction, amplification, and detection of nucleic acids from clinical samples.

Lab on a Chip
Natalia M RodriguezCatherine M Klapperich

Abstract

Paper diagnostics have successfully been employed to detect the presence of antigens or small molecules in clinical samples through immunoassays; however, the detection of many disease targets relies on the much higher sensitivity and specificity achieved via nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT). The steps involved in NAAT have recently begun to be explored in paper matrices, and our group, among others, has reported on paper-based extraction, amplification, and detection of DNA and RNA targets. Here, we integrate these paper-based NAAT steps into a single paperfluidic chip in a modular, foldable system that allows for fully integrated fluidic handling from sample to result. We showcase the functionality of the chip by combining nucleic acid isolation, isothermal amplification, and lateral flow detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 DNA directly from crude cervical specimens in less than 1 hour for rapid, early detection of cervical cancer. The chip is made entirely of paper and adhesive sheets, making it low-cost, portable, and disposable, and offering the potential for a point-of-care molecular diagnostic platform even in remote and resource-limited settings.

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Citations

Oct 13, 2016·IEEE Journal of Translational Engineering in Health and Medicine·Penny Ford CarletonTiffani Bailey Lash
Jul 13, 2016·Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics·Susanne B Haga
Feb 19, 2016·Journal of Laboratory Automation·Edward Kai-Hua Chow
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Oct 19, 2016·Lab on a Chip·Elizabeth A PhillipsJacqueline C Linnes
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Sep 22, 2019·Micromachines·Jenny ElomaaFrank A Gomez
Aug 9, 2020·Lab on a Chip·Nikunja KolluriCatherine M Klapperich
Jun 24, 2020·Frontiers in Chemistry·Jane Ru Choi

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