A genome wide study of genetic adaptation to high altitude in feral Andean Horses of the páramo

BMC Evolutionary Biology
Sher L Hendrickson

Abstract

Life at high altitude results in physiological and metabolic challenges that put strong evolutionary pressure on performance due to oxidative stress, UV radiation and other factors dependent on the natural history of the species. To look for genes involved in altitude adaptation in a large herbivore, this study explored genome differentiation between a feral population of Andean horses introduced by the Spanish in the 1500s to the high Andes and their Iberian breed relatives. Using allelic genetic models and Fst analyses of ~50 K single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the horse genome, 131 candidate genes for altitude adaptation were revealed (Bonferoni of p ≤ 2 × 10(-7)). Significant signals included the EPAS1 in the hypoxia-induction-pathway (HIF) that was previously discovered in human studies (p = 9.27 × 10(-8)); validating the approach and emphasizing the importance of this gene to hypoxia adaptation. Strong signals in the cytochrome P450 3A gene family (p = 1.5 ×10(-8)) indicate that other factors, such as highly endemic vegetation in altitude environments are also important in adaptation. Signals in tenuerin 2 (TENM2, p = 7.9 × 10(-14)) along with several other genes in the nervous system (gene categories represen...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 15, 2017·Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics = Zeitschrift Für Tierzüchtung Und Züchtungsbiologie·O CortésJ L Vega-Pla
Jun 4, 2019·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Kelsey E Witt, Emilia Huerta-Sánchez
Jul 6, 2019·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Xuexue LiuLin Jiang
Feb 20, 2015·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Mikaela A LuiGraham R Scott
Jul 8, 2020·British Poultry Science·Zengrong ZhangXiaosong Jiang
Oct 24, 2018·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Scott Jarvie, Jens-Christian Svenning
Aug 28, 2020·Frontiers in Genetics·Matthew E PamenterTatum S Simonson
Jun 3, 2021·Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI·Vivien J ChebiiJean-Baka Domelevo Entfellner

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
genotyping
chip

Software Mentioned

Eigensoft
Genome Studio
UCSC browser
PLINK
Database for Annotation , Visualization and Integrated Discove...

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