A Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Carbonic Anhydrase-Related Protein of Toxoplasma gondii Is Important for Rhoptry Biogenesis and Virulence

MSphere
Nathan M ChasenSilvia N J Moreno

Abstract

Carbonic anhydrase-related proteins (CARPs) have previously been described as catalytically inactive proteins closely related to α-carbonic anhydrases (α-CAs). These CARPs are found in animals (both vertebrates and invertebrates) and viruses as either independent proteins or domains of other proteins. We report here the identification of a new CARP (TgCA_RP) in the unicellular organism Toxoplasma gondii that is related to the recently described η-class CA found in Plasmodium falciparum. TgCA_RP is posttranslationally modified at its C terminus with a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor that is important for its localization in intracellular tachyzoites. The protein localizes throughout the rhoptry bulbs of mature tachyzoites and to the outer membrane of nascent rhoptries in dividing tachyzoites, as demonstrated by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy using specific antibodies. T. gondii mutant tachyzoites lacking TgCA_RP display a growth and invasion phenotype in vitro and have atypical rhoptry morphology. The mutants also exhibit reduced virulence in a mouse model. Our results show that TgCA_RP plays an important role in the biogenesis of rhoptries. IMPORTANCEToxoplasma gondii is an intracellular pathogen that infe...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 29, 2018·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Reza Zolfaghari EmamehSeppo Parkkila
Aug 1, 2018·The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology·Le ChangMiryam Andrea Hortua Triana
Nov 14, 2018·Acta Biochimica Et Biophysica Sinica·Le ChangJianhua Li
Oct 17, 2017·The EMBO Journal·Yonggen JiaDominique Soldati-Favre
Jul 19, 2020·Annual Review of Microbiology·Yifan WangJeroen P J Saeij
Feb 6, 2020·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Nathan Michael ChasenRonald Drew Etheridge
May 24, 2019·MSphere·Nathan M ChasenSilvia N J Moreno
May 5, 2021·Trends in Parasitology·Benjamin LiffnerDanny W Wilson
Jun 10, 2021·ELife·Karla Marie Márquez-NoguerasSilvia Nj Moreno

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
X-ray
electron microscopy
Transmission electron microscopy
affinity purification

Software Mentioned

SR
BLASTp
SOM
TgCA
RP
GPI
Geneious
TASSER
Pred
GraphPad Prism

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