A high-mobility electronic system at an electrolyte-gated oxide surface

Nature Communications
Patrick GallagherDavid Goldhaber-Gordon

Abstract

Electrolyte gating is a powerful technique for accumulating large carrier densities at a surface. Yet this approach suffers from significant sources of disorder: electrochemical reactions can damage or alter the sample, and the ions of the electrolyte and various dissolved contaminants sit Angstroms from the electron system. Accordingly, electrolyte gating is well suited to studies of superconductivity and other phenomena robust to disorder, but of limited use when reactions or disorder must be avoided. Here we demonstrate that these limitations can be overcome by protecting the sample with a chemically inert, atomically smooth sheet of hexagonal boron nitride. We illustrate our technique with electrolyte-gated strontium titanate, whose mobility when protected with boron nitride improves more than 10-fold while achieving carrier densities nearing 10(14) cm(-2). Our technique is portable to other materials, and should enable future studies where high carrier density modulation is required but electrochemical reactions and surface disorder must be minimized.

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Citations

Mar 10, 2016·ACS Nano·Trevor A PetachDavid Goldhaber-Gordon
Jul 29, 2017·ACS Nano·Trevor A PetachDavid Goldhaber-Gordon
Aug 31, 2017·Reports on Progress in Physics·Yun-Yi PaiJeremy Levy
Jul 31, 2018·Reports on Progress in Physics·S GariglioM Gabay
Aug 9, 2016·Nature Communications·Dmitry OvchinnikovAndras Kis
Sep 17, 2016·Physical Review Letters·Xiaoxiang XiKin Fai Mak
Jun 6, 2017·Nature Nanotechnology·Matthias KühneJurgen H Smet
Dec 14, 2018·Nature Materials·Chris Leighton
Feb 14, 2018·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Hasan AtesciJan M van Ruitenbeek
Dec 29, 2020·Nanotechnology·Domenic PreteFrancesco Rossella
Feb 10, 2018·Reports on Progress in Physics·Yun-Yi PaiJeremy Levy
Dec 19, 2017·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Yangyang ChenWei Han
Jun 28, 2018·Nano Letters·Erik PiattiRenato S Gonnelli
May 12, 2018·ACS Nano·Giriraj JnawaliJeremy Levy
Jul 2, 2020·ACS Nano·Yuechen ZhuangStuart S P Parkin
May 24, 2018·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Ashwani KumarMaria Merlyne De Souza
Oct 2, 2021·Science Advances·Evgeny MikheevDavid Goldhaber-Gordon

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
atomic force microscopy

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