A human health assessment of hazardous air pollutants in Portland, OR

Journal of Environmental Management
B N Tam, C M Neumann

Abstract

Ambient air samples collected from five monitoring sites in Portland, OR during July 1999 to August 2000 were analyzed for 43 hazardous air pollutants (HAP). HAP concentrations were compared to carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic benchmark levels. Carcinogenic benchmark concentrations were set at a risk level of one-in-one-million (1x10(-6)). Hazard ratios of 1.0 were used when comparing HAP concentrations to non-carcinogenic benchmarks. Emission sources (point, area, and mobile) were identified and a cumulative cancer risk and total hazard index were calculated for HAPs exceeding these health benchmark levels. Seventeen HAPs exceeded a cancer risk level of 1x10(-6) at all five monitoring sites. Nineteen HAPs exceeded this level at one or more site. Carbon tetrachloride, 1,3-butadiene, formaldehyde, and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane contributed more than 50% to the upper-bound lifetime cumulative cancer risk of 2.47x10(-4). Acrolein was the only non-carcinogenic HAP with hazard ratios that exceeded 1.0 at all five sites. Mobile sources contributed the greatest percentage (68%) of HAP emissions. Additional monitoring and health assessments for HAPs in Portland, OR are warranted, including addressing issues that may have overestimated ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 13, 2012·Environmental Engineering Science·Ki-Hyun KimSoon Hee Lee
Aug 8, 2009·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Hitesh S DeshmukhGeorge D Leikauf
Jun 8, 2010·American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology·An Soo JangGeorge D Leikauf
Oct 17, 2007·Environmental Health Perspectives·Ken SextonPhilip J Lupo
May 24, 2007·Environmental Health Perspectives·Michael A Callahan, Ken Sexton
May 24, 2007·Environmental Health Perspectives·Ken Sexton, Dale Hattis
Apr 14, 2007·Environmental Health Perspectives·Tracey J WoodruffDaniel A Axelrad
Jul 14, 2010·Environment International·Chang-fu WuJohn Williamson
Nov 11, 2008·Environment International·Chang-Fu WuL-J Sally Liu
Apr 26, 2008·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Hang Thi NguyenMin-Young Kim
Oct 11, 2012·Environmental Toxicology·Daniel J HochmanEdward G Brooks
Jul 10, 2018·Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association·Shen Tian, Melissa Bilec
May 18, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Min-Ji KimSung-Ok Baek
Feb 12, 2019·Environmental Epidemiology·Mary Willis, Perry Hystad
Jul 9, 2008·Environmental Science & Technology·Stephen H LinderKen Sexton

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