A matter of fat: insulin resistance and oxidative stress

Pediatric Diabetes
Pilar Codoñer-FranchVictoria Valls-Bellés

Abstract

Obesity is linked to insulin resistance (IR), which can lead to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Oxidative stress present in early obesity may favor the progression to comorbid conditions. To examine the relationship between oxidative stress biomarkers and the severity of IR in a group of obese children. Forty obese children with a body mass index (BMI) Z-score ≥ 2 were divided into two groups using the median obtained for the homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR). Anthropometric parameters (including body fat composition by bioelectrical impedance) and biochemical parameters were assessed. The following biomarkers of oxidative stress were measured: malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonyl groups (CG), reduced glutathione, oxidized low-density lipoprotein, and vitamin E. Comparisons were adjusted for gender and Tanner stage. Children with high values of HOMA-IR were more likely to have high body fat percentage and waist circumferences. However, the BMI Z-score did not correlate to the level of IR. Children with higher values of HOMA-IR presented increased levels of markers of oxidative stress in lipids (MDA, p = 0.005) and proteins (CG, p = 0.015). Moreover, MDA increased with increasing levels of HOMA-IR (r = 0.50, p = 0.002), suggesti...Continue Reading

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