PMID: 14414284Jan 1, 1960Paper

A method for titrating endotoxic activity in the skin of rabbits

The Journal of Experimental Medicine
C L LARSONJ E LIEBERMAN

Abstract

The primary inflammatory response of rabbits to intradermal injection of bacterial products has been used as the basis of a sensitive assay for endotoxins. Injection of materials into the skin of the lateral surfaces, rather than the ventral surface of the abdomen, was essential. The method was evaluated by comparison with the mouse toxicity test. Statistical examination revealed an excellent correlation between the mean threshold dose for producing skin lesions in rabbits (SLD(50)) and the median lethal dose for mice (LD(50)). For potent endotoxins (LD(50) = 0.2-0.3 mg.) the skin test dose was about one-thousandth of the lethal dose for mice. Thereafter the LD(50) increased in the proportion of about 0.3 mg. per 1 microg. increase in SLD(50). The method of testing was devised for endotoxins prepared in various ways from Salmonella enteritidis and S. typhosa but was directly applicable to endotoxins from several other species of enteric Gram-negative bacteria.

References

Jan 1, 1951·Annual Review of Microbiology·W BURROWS
Jan 1, 1954·Annual Review of Physiology·L THOMAS
Aug 1, 1956·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·R T SMITH, L THOMAS
Nov 1, 1958·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·R C SKARNESM LANDY

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Sep 1, 1969·Biotechnology and Bioengineering·J KyleE Ribi
Nov 29, 1974·Mycopathologia et mycologia applicata·T KobayashiN Kato
Jan 1, 1980·Pharmacology & Therapeutics·J W Peterson
Jun 30, 1966·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·E WorkM Vesk
Sep 1, 1976·Journal of Invertebrate Pathology·R M Furman, T G Pistole
Sep 1, 1968·Archives of Oral Biology·T Hofstad
Jan 1, 1980·Journal of Oral Pathology·C G DalyJ B Kieser
May 1, 1965·The Journal of Allergy·O BONILLA-SOTO
Feb 1, 1982·Journal of Endodontics·T K Buttler, J J Crawford
Jun 1, 1968·Journal of Bacteriology·J J Previte
Feb 1, 1968·Journal of Bacteriology·H H FreedmanB S Schwartz
Sep 1, 1968·Journal of Bacteriology·G M KalmansonL B Guze
Feb 1, 1964·Journal of Bacteriology·W D HINESG R PEARSON
Aug 1, 1962·Journal of Bacteriology·J W FOSTER, E RIBI
Nov 1, 1962·Journal of Bacteriology·B S ROBERSON, W J CROMARTIE
Jan 1, 1967·Journal of Bacteriology·D H Heilman, R C Bast
Dec 1, 1970·Applied Microbiology·K K SrivastavaR B Davis
Dec 1, 1964·Journal of Bacteriology·R L ANACKERP W STASHAK
Jul 1, 1970·Infection and Immunity·J R McGhee, B A Freeman

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.