A model for evolution of male parental care and female multiple mating

The American Naturalist
Yasuo Ihara

Abstract

In most animals, males gain a fitness benefit by mating with many females, whereas the number of progeny per female is unlikely to increase as a function of additional mates. Furthermore, males of internally fertilizing species run the risk of investing in offspring of other males if they provide parental care. Nevertheless, males of many avian species and a minority of mammalian species provide parental care, and females of various species mate with multiple males. I investigate a two-locus genetic model for evolution of male parental care and female multiple mating in which females gain a direct benefit by multiple mating from the paternal care they thereby elicit for their offspring. The model suggests that, first, male parental care can evolve when it strongly enhances offspring survival and the direct costs of female multiple mating (e.g., loss of energy, risk of injury, exposure to infectious diseases) are greater than its indirect benefit (e.g., acquisition of good genes, increased genetic diversity among offspring); second, female multiple mating can evolve when paternal care is important for offspring survival or the indirect benefit of multiple mating is larger than its direct cost; and, finally, male parental care an...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 6, 2007·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Stephen J Cornell, Tom Tregenza
Jan 11, 2016·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Yukio Yasui, Francisco Garcia-Gonzalez
Jul 21, 2005·The American Naturalist·Joe Yuichiro Wakano, Yasuo Ihara
Jan 3, 2016·Journal of Theoretical Biology·Wataru Nakahashi
Dec 14, 2011·Journal of Theoretical Biology·Wataru Nakahashi, Shiro Horiuchi
Mar 3, 2007·Journal of Theoretical Biology·Hiromi Seno, Hiromi Endo
Jun 17, 2014·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Yu-Hsun HsuShinichi Nakagawa
Sep 18, 2015·Behavioral Ecology : Official Journal of the International Society for Behavioral Ecology·Emily R Burdfield-SteelDavid M Shuker
Apr 4, 2017·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Nan LyuYue-Hua Sun
Apr 3, 2004·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Amanda BretmanTom Tregenza
Feb 15, 2019·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Ruth FeldmanFrances A Champagne
Apr 25, 2018·Ecology and Evolution·Nan LyuYue-Hua Sun

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