A model of locomotor-respiratory coupling in quadrupeds

Advances in Physiology Education
Mauricio J GiuliodoriStephen E DiCarlo

Abstract

Locomotion and respiration are not independent phenomena in running mammals because locomotion and respiration both rely on cyclic movements of the ribs, sternum, and associated musculature. Thus, constraints are imposed on locomotor and respiratory function by virtue of their linkage. Specifically, locomotion imposes mechanical constraints on breathing that require the respiratory cycle to be synchronized with gait. Thus, many mammals, including humans, synchronize respiration with the movement of the limbs during locomotion. For example, quadrupeds synchronize locomotor and respiratory cycles at a 1:1 ratio (stride/breath) over a wide range of speeds. Interestingly, quadrupeds maintain an almost constant stride frequency (and therefore respiratory frequency) at different speeds. To increase speed, quadrupeds lengthen their stride. Accordingly, to increase minute ventilation, quadrupeds must increase tidal volume since respiratory rate is coupled with stride frequency. We developed a simple, inexpensive, and easy to build model to demonstrate this concept. A model was chosen because models significantly enhance student understanding. Students are drawn into discussion by the power of learning that is associated with manipulati...Continue Reading

References

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Jun 1, 1996·The American Journal of Physiology·V ChanS E DiCarlo
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Jan 22, 2000·The American Journal of Physiology·D W RodenbaughS E DiCarlo
Aug 22, 2002·Advances in Physiology Education·David W RodenbaughStephen E Dicarlo
Feb 21, 2003·Advances in Physiology Education·David W RodenbaughStephen E Dicarlo
Feb 20, 2004·Advances in Physiology Education·Mauricio J Giuliodori, Stephen E DiCarlo
May 20, 2004·Advances in Physiology Education·Mauricio J Giuliodori, Stephen E DiCarlo
Sep 15, 2005·The American Journal of Physiology·S E DiCarloS Varyani
Jun 10, 2008·Advances in Physiology Education·Mauricio J Giuliodori, Stephen E Dicarlo
Sep 17, 2008·Advances in Physiology Education·Stephen E DiCarlo

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Citations

Apr 22, 2017·Anatomical Sciences Education·Heidi L Lujan, Stephen E DiCarlo
Dec 5, 2012·Advances in Physiology Education·David W RodenbaughStephen E DiCarlo
Nov 26, 2010·Advances in Physiology Education·Mauricio J GiuliodoriStephen E DiCarlo
Jun 17, 2018·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Craig P McGowan, Clint E Collins

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