A model of lytic, latent, and reactivating varicella-zoster virus infections in isolated enteric neurons

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
Anne A GershonMichael D Gershon

Abstract

Because human primary afferent neurons are not readily obtained, we sought to develop a model in which the lytic, latent, and reactivating phases of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection were recapitulated in neurons from an animal source. Enteric neurons were obtained from the small intestine of adult guinea pigs and from the bowel of fetal mice. Latency was established when these neurons were infected by cell-free VZV in the absence of fibroblasts or other cells of mesodermal origin. In contrast, lytic infection ensued when fibroblasts were present or when the enteric neurons were infected by cell-associated VZV. Latency was associated with the expression of a limited subset of viral genes, the products of which were restricted to the cytoplasm. Lysis was associated with the expression of viral glycoproteins, nuclear translocation of latency-associated gene products, and rapid cell death. Reactivation was accomplished by expressing VZV open reading frame (ORF) 61p or herpes simplex virus ICP0 in latently infected neurons. Isolated enteric neurons from guinea pigs and mice recapitulate latent gene expression in human cranial nerve and dorsal root ganglia. Expression of latency-associated VZV gene products was detected in 88% ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 1, 2013·Current Infectious Disease Reports·Sharmila Sengupta
May 6, 2010·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Moeun SonAnne A Gershon
Apr 29, 2011·Journal of Virology·Subbiah PugazhenthiDon Gilden
May 30, 2009·BMC Medicine·Paolo BonanniPeter Wutzler
Jun 14, 2012·Herpesviridae·Paul R KinchingtonRobert L Hendricks
Apr 15, 2011·Uirusu·Kyosuke KanaiNaoki Inoue
Aug 22, 2014·Science Translational Medicine·Chun-Mei ZhaoDuan Chen
Dec 23, 2011·Journal of Neurovirology·Jason J ChenMichael D Gershon
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Apr 18, 2015·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Anne A GershonMichael D Gershon
Jan 1, 2015·Nature Reviews. Disease Primers·Anne A GershonKoichi Yamanishi
May 5, 2016·Digestive Diseases and Sciences·Jackie D Wood
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Oct 5, 2013·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·Anne A Gershon, Michael D Gershon
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