A moving ParA gradient on the nucleoid directs subcellular cargo transport via a chemophoresis force

Bioarchitecture
Anthony G VecchiarelliKiyoshi Mizuuchi

Abstract

DNA segregation is a critical process for all life, and although there is a relatively good understanding of eukaryotic mitosis, the mechanism in bacteria remains unclear. The small size of a bacterial cell and the number of factors involved in its subcellular organization make it difficult to study individual systems under controlled conditions in vivo. We developed a cell-free technique to reconstitute and visualize bacterial ParA-mediated segregation systems. Our studies provide direct evidence for a mode of transport that does not use a classical cytoskeletal filament or motor protein. Instead, we demonstrate that ParA-type DNA segregation systems can establish a propagating ParA ATPase gradient on the nucleoid surface, which generates the force required for the directed movement of spatially confined cargoes, such as plasmids or large organelles, and distributes multiple cargos equidistant to each other inside cells. Here we present the critical principles of our diffusion-ratchet model of ParA-mediated transport and expand on the mathematically derived chemophoresis force using experimentally-determined biochemical and cellular parameters.

References

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Mar 13, 2013·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Anthony G VecchiarelliKiyoshi Mizuuchi
Feb 26, 2014·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Anthony G VecchiarelliKiyoshi Mizuuchi

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Citations

Jul 6, 2016·Nature Communications·Antoine Le GallMarcelo Nollmann
Nov 2, 2016·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Ivan V SurovtsevChristine Jacobs-Wagner
Aug 15, 2015·The EMBO Journal·Debnath Ghosal, Jan Löwe
Jul 26, 2019·Chembiochem : a European Journal of Chemical Biology·Daniel HürtgenVictor Sourjik
Jan 11, 2019·ELife·Emilia Mauriello
Dec 10, 2015·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Longhua HuJian Liu
Jul 11, 2020·Advanced Biosystems·Daniel HürtgenVictor Sourjik
Jun 2, 2018·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Giulia Pilla, Christoph M Tang
Jan 12, 2021·The Journal of Membrane Biology·Dipika MishraRamanujam Srinivasan
May 13, 2021·MBio·Joshua S MacCready, Anthony G Vecchiarelli
Aug 14, 2019·Nano Letters·Aaron T BlanchardKhalid Salaita

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