A network-level analysis of cognitive flexibility reveals a differential influence of the anterior cingulate cortex in bilinguals versus monolinguals

Neuropsychologia
Theresa M BeckerAndrea Stocco

Abstract

Mounting evidence suggests that bilingual development may change the brain in a way that gives rise to differences in non-linguistic cognitive functioning; however, only a limited number of studies have investigated the mechanism by which bilingualism shapes the brain. The current study used a network-level analysis to investigate differences in the mechanisms by which bilinguals and monolinguals flexibly adapt their neural networks in the face of novel task demands. Three competing hypotheses concerning differences in network-level adaptation were examined using Dynamic Causal Modeling of data from 15 bilinguals and 14 monolinguals who performed a Rapid Instructed Task Learning paradigm. The results demonstrated that the best-fitting model for the data from both groups specified that novel task execution is accomplished through a modulation of the influence of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and on the striatum. Further examination of the best-fitting model revealed that ACC activity increased DLPFC and striatal activity in bilinguals but decreased activity in these regions in monolinguals. Interestingly, an increased positive connection between the ACC and striatum was associa...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 27, 2019·Behavioral and Brain Functions : BBF·Sayuri Hayakawa, Viorica Marian
Jun 28, 2018·Brain Structure & Function·Alexis Hervais-AdelmanNarly Golestani
Jun 7, 2017·Brain Structure & Function·Nestor Viñas-Guasch, Yan Jing Wu
Jul 13, 2019·Brain Sciences·Roy Seo, Chantel S Prat
Oct 6, 2020·Frontiers in Psychology·Susan Teubner-Rhodes
Feb 26, 2021·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Lily TaoQing Cai
Jul 27, 2021·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Zahra JafariMajid H Mohajerani

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