A new anthropoid from the latest middle Eocene of Pondaung, central Myanmar

Journal of Human Evolution
M TakaiT Thein

Abstract

A new genus and species of medium-sized fossil primate, Myanmarpithecus yarshensis, is described from the lastest middle Eocene sediments of Pondaung, central Myanmar (Burma). The specimens consist of right maxillary fragments with P(4)-M(3)and a left mandibular corpus with C-P(3)and M(2-3). To date, three purported anthropoids have been discovered from the Pondaung Formation: Pondaungia and Amphipithecus (Amphipithecidae) and Bahinia (Eosimiidae). Myanmarpithecus differs from these other Pondaung primates in having cingular hypocones on upper molars and in lacking paraconids on M(2-3). Although Myanmarpithecus resembles some utahiin omomyines in superficial aspects of the morphology of M(2-3)(i.e., mesiodistally compressed molar trigonid and enamel crenulation), the morphological analysis of upper molars and lower premolars indicates that it is neither an omomyoid nor an adapoid but is more derived than fossil prosimians (such as adapoids, omomyoids, and tarsiers) and more anthropoid-like. On the other hand, it is more primitive (prosimian-like) than early anthropoids from the late Eocene/early Oligocene of the Fayum, Egypt. Myanmarpithecus is likely to be an early, primitive anthropoid ("protoanthropoid").

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Citations

Mar 10, 2010·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Blythe A WilliamsE Christopher Kirk
Jun 6, 2012·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Yaowalak ChaimaneeJean-Jacques Jaeger
Jul 3, 2009·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·K Christopher BeardAung Aung Kyaw
Oct 4, 2013·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Yaowalak ChaimaneeJean-Jacques Jaeger
Jun 7, 2005·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Laurent MarivauxJean-Loup Welcomme
Nov 5, 2003·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Laurent MarivauxJean-Jacques Jaeger
Jul 5, 2001·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·R L CiochonE L Simons
Dec 31, 2003·Journal of Human Evolution·Richard F KayNaoko Egi
Mar 26, 2003·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·Russell L Ciochon, Gregg F Gunnell
Sep 1, 2009·The Anatomical Record : Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology·Christoph P E ZollikoferJean-Jacques Jaeger
Jun 5, 2008·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·Laurent MarivauxAung Aung Kyaw
Sep 21, 2010·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·Marian DagostoAung Aung Kyaw
Mar 23, 2002·Journal of Human Evolution·Takehisa TsubamotoHisashi Suzuki
Aug 6, 2002·Journal of Human Evolution·Nobuo ShigeharaTin Thein
Nov 30, 2002·Journal of Human Evolution·Patricia A HolroydMarc Godinot
Jun 20, 2006·Journal of Human Evolution·Stéphane DucrocqJean-Jacques Jaeger
Dec 22, 2005·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·Ellen R MillerRobert D Martin
Apr 11, 2003·Primates; Journal of Primatology·Masanaru TakaiTakehisa Tsubamoto
Aug 8, 2019·Nature Communications·Jean-Jacques JaegerYaowalak Chaimanee
Nov 11, 2020·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·J-J JaegerO Chavasseau

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