A new approach to modeling the influence of image features on fixation selection in scenes

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Antje Nuthmann, Wolfgang Einhäuser

Abstract

Which image characteristics predict where people fixate when memorizing natural images? To answer this question, we introduce a new analysis approach that combines a novel scene-patch analysis with generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs). Our method allows for (1) directly describing the relationship between continuous feature value and fixation probability, and (2) assessing each feature's unique contribution to fixation selection. To demonstrate this method, we estimated the relative contribution of various image features to fixation selection: luminance and luminance contrast (low-level features); edge density (a mid-level feature); visual clutter and image segmentation to approximate local object density in the scene (higher-level features). An additional predictor captured the central bias of fixation. The GLMM results revealed that edge density, clutter, and the number of homogenous segments in a patch can independently predict whether image patches are fixated or not. Importantly, neither luminance nor contrast had an independent effect above and beyond what could be accounted for by the other predictors. Since the parcellation of the scene and the selection of features can be tailored to the specific research question, ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 27, 2015·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Werner X SchneiderGernot Horstmann
Dec 6, 2014·Vision Research·Josef StollWolfgang Einhäuser
Oct 26, 2016·Trends in Cognitive Sciences·George L MalcolmChris I Baker
Aug 25, 2017·PloS One·Aleya Felicia Flechsenhar, Matthias Gamer
Mar 2, 2018·Scientific Reports·Marius Rubo, Matthias Gamer
Nov 26, 2019·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·Moreno I CocoOlaf Dimigen
Apr 25, 2020·Journal of Vision·Wolfgang EinhäuserAntje Nuthmann
Jan 11, 2020·Frontiers in Psychology·Lara RöslerMatthias Gamer
Jul 18, 2020·Infancy : the Official Journal of the International Society on Infant Studies·Daan R van RenswoudeScott P Johnson
Jun 17, 2020·Learning & Memory·Michelle M RameyJohn M Henderson

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
IEC

Software Mentioned

Image Processing Toolbox for
bobyqa
SR Research Data Viewer
MATLAB
LumCon
Edge Detection and Image SegmentatiON ( EDISON ) System
lme4
R Development Core Team
R
R system for statistical computing

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