A new class of oxidosqualene cyclases directs synthesis of antimicrobial phytoprotectants in monocots

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
K HaralampidisA Osbourn

Abstract

Many plants synthesize antimicrobial secondary metabolites as part of their normal program of growth and development, often sequestering them in tissues where they may protect against microbial attack. These include glycosylated triterpenoids (saponins), natural products that are exploited by man for a variety of purposes including use as drugs [Hostettmann, K. & Marston, A. (1995) Saponins (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, U.K.)]. Very little is known about the genes required for the synthesis of this important family of secondary metabolites in plants. Here we show the novel oxidosqualene cyclase AsbAS1 catalyzes the first committed step in the synthesis of antifungal triterpenoid saponins that accumulate in oat roots. We also demonstrate that two sodium azide-generated saponin-deficient mutants of oat, which define the Sad1 genetic complementation group, are defective in the gene encoding this enzyme and provide molecular genetic evidence indicating a direct link between AsbAS1, triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis, and disease resistance. Orthologs of AsbAS1 are absent from modern cereals and may have been lost during selection, raising the possibility that this gene could be exploited to enhance disease resistance in crop pl...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 8, 2009·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Anne E Osbourn, Ben Field
Jan 7, 2006·Plant Cell Reports·Myung Kyum KimDeok-Chun Yang
Mar 30, 2007·Lipids·Masashi Suzuki, Toshiya Muranaka
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Dec 12, 2002·Phytochemistry·Anne E Osbourn
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Aug 31, 2011·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Ben FieldAnne E Osbourn
Aug 14, 2013·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Katrin GeislerAnne Osbourn
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Jul 1, 2004·Molecular Plant Pathology·Jacqueline Freeman, Elaine Ward

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