A new sponge-associated starfish, Astrolirus patricki sp. nov. (Asteroidea: Brisingida: Brisingidae), from the northwestern Pacific seamounts

PeerJ
Ruiyan ZhangChunsheng Wang

Abstract

Seamounts are important deep ocean entities that serve as reservoirs for varied types of habitats and fauna. During the Chinese cruises in the northwestern Pacific seamount areas, a new starfish species of order Brisingida, Astrolirus patricki, was found at 1,458-2,125 m depth. All specimens of the new species were observed in situ attaching on hexactinellid sponges, suggesting a possible close relationship between the two taxa. A. patrickisp. nov. is the second known species of the genus, characterized by the abutting plates in the intercostal integument, separated first pair of adambulacral plates and densely distributed proximal spines. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted for order Brisingida to incorporate the new species as well as Hymenodiscus cf. fragilis (Fisher, 1906), Freyella cf. attenuata Sladen, 1889 and two Brisinga spp., for which we present the molecular data for the first time. Phylogenetic trees suggest a close relationship between A. patrickisp. nov. with Brisinga species rather than with Hymenodiscus species, which is inconsistent with morphological taxonomy. This study highlights the distinct morphological and ecological characters of the new species and provides new data for future investigation on Brisin...Continue Reading

References

Aug 29, 2001·Bioinformatics·J P Huelsenbeck, F Ronquist
Nov 1, 2008·Molecular Ecology Resources·Robert D WardTim D O'Hara
Apr 1, 2005·Integrative and Comparative Biology·James B McClintockRob W M van Soest
Aug 1, 2012·Nature Methods·Diego DarribaDavid Posada
Oct 18, 2013·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Koichiro TamuraSudhir Kumar
Mar 9, 2018·Scientific Reports·Lissette VictoreroVeerle A I Huvenne

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Software Mentioned

MrBayes
PeerJ
Brisingida
PubMed
CLOCKSS
raxmalGUI
Figtree
jModelTest

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