A novel type bacterial flagellar motor that can use divalent cations as a coupling ion

Scientific Reports
Riku ImazawaMasahiro Ito

Abstract

The bacterial flagellar motor is a sophisticated nanomachine embedded in the cell envelope and powered by an electrochemical gradient of H(+), Na(+), or K(+)across the cytoplasmic membrane. Here we describe a new member of the bacterial flagellar stator channel family (MotAB1 of Paenibacillus sp. TCA20 (TCA-MotAB1)) that is coupled to divalent cations (Ca(2+)and Mg(2+)). In the absence of divalent cations of alkaline earth metals, no swimming was observed in Paenibacillus sp. TCA20, which grows optimally in Ca(2+)-rich environments. This pattern was confirmed by swimming assays of a stator-free Bacillus subtilis mutant expressing TCA-MotAB1. Both a stator-free and major Mg(2+)uptake system-deleted B. subtilis mutant expressing TCA-MotAB1 complemented both growth and motility deficiency under low Mg(2+)conditions and exhibited [Mg(2+)]in identical to that of the wild-type. This is the first report of a flagellar motor that can use Ca(2+)and Mg(2+)as coupling ions. These findings will promote the understanding of the operating principles of flagellar motors and molecular mechanisms of ion selectivity.

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Citations

Oct 21, 2016·PLoS Genetics·Kazuo KobayashiHirofumi Yoshikawa
Oct 25, 2016·Extremophiles : Life Under Extreme Conditions·Masahiro Ito, Yuka Takahashi
Mar 29, 2019·Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry·Tomoyuki KosakaMamoru Yamada
May 29, 2019·Annual Review of Microbiology·Sundharraman Subramanian, Daniel B Kearns
Jan 12, 2021·Frontiers in Microbiology·Md Imtiazul IslamMatthew A B Baker
May 1, 2021·Frontiers in Microbiology·Anaïs Biquet-BisquertAshley L Nord

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
BBIW00000000.1
GAK41226.1
GAK41227.1
254
GAK43333.1
GAK43334.1

Methods Mentioned

BETA
motility assay
PCR

Software Mentioned

DigiMo
BLAST

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