A phase I/II double-blind, placebo-controlled study of recombinant human interleukin-11 for mucositis and acute GVHD prevention in allogeneic stem cell transplantation

Bone Marrow Transplantation
Joseph H AntinJames L M Ferrara

Abstract

Interleukin-11 (IL-11) decreases cytokine release and increases survival in murine BMT models. In these systems, it reduces gut permeability, partially polarizes T cells to a Th2 phenotype, down-regulates IL-12, prevents mucositis, and accelerates recovery of oral and bowel mucosa. We conducted a randomized double-blind pilot study of rhIL-11 administered with cyclosporine/MTX prophylaxis after cytoxan/TBI conditioning and allogeneic stem cell transplantation for hematologic malignancies. Patients received rhIL-11, 50 microg/kg subcutaneously daily or placebo in a 3:1 ratio. Treatment was administered prior to the start of conditioning and continued up to 21 days. The study was designed to assess safety with stopping rules for cardiac arrhythmias and mortality. Although projected to accrue 20 patients, only 13 patients (10 IL-11, three placebo) were enrolled because the early stopping rule for mortality was triggered. Of 10 evaluable patients who received IL-11, four died by day 40 and one died on day 85. Deaths were attributable to transplant-related toxicity. One of three placebo recipients died of suicide, the other two are alive. Patients receiving IL-11 had severe fluid retention and early mortality, making it impossible t...Continue Reading

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