A Phylogenetic Analysis of Hepatitis C Virus Transmission, Relapse, and Reinfection Among People Who Inject Drugs Receiving Opioid Agonist Therapy.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
Matthew J AkiyamaAlain H Litwin

Abstract

Understanding hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission among people who inject drugs (PWID) is essential for HCV elimination. We aimed to differentiate reinfections from treatment failures and to identify transmission linkages and associated factors in a cohort of PWID receiving opioid agonist therapy (OAT). We analyzed baseline and follow-up specimens from 150 PWID from 3 OAT clinics in the Bronx, New York. Next-generation sequencing data from the hypervariable region 1 of HCV were analyzed using Global Hepatitis Outbreak and Surveillance Technology. There were 3 transmission linkages between study participants. Sustained virologic response (SVR) was not achieved in 9 participants: 7 had follow-up specimens with similar sequences to baseline, and 2 died. In 4 additional participants, SVR was achieved but the participants were viremic at later follow-up: 2 were reinfected with different strains, 1 had a late treatment failure, and 1 was transiently viremic 17 months after treatment. All transmission linkages were from the same OAT clinic and involved spousal or common-law partnerships. This study highlights the use of next-generation sequencing as an important tool for identifying viral transmission and to help distinguish relapse ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 23, 2020·Briefings in Bioinformatics·Sergey KnyazevAlexander Zelikovsky
Apr 21, 2021·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Moonseong HeoAlain H Litwin

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