PMID: 7016529Jan 1, 1981Paper

A physiological approach to fluid and electrolyte therapy in the horse

Equine Veterinary Journal
R J Rose

Abstract

In this article a physiological approach to fluid therapy is discussed, commencing with examination of fluid distribution in the normal horse. The functions of individual plasma electrolyte concentrations are considered and practical causes of acid-base disturbances discussed. When fluid administration is necessary, selection of the route for fluid administration as well as the type of fluid are important considerations and these must be adjusted to the needs of the individual case. Balanced polyionic solutions appear to be most suitable for general use because normal saline can produce hypokalaemia and metabolic acidosis. The use of bicarbonate is indicated mainly where there has been alkali loss (eg, diarrhoea) or severe acidosis associated with increased lactate production. Plasma volume expanders, such as dextran or gelatin polymers, can be considered where a rapid and prolonged restoration of blood volume is required. Fluids should be warmed to body temperature before administration and flow rates up to 6 to 8 litres/h may be safely used. A plan for fluid therapy involves the estimation of existing fluids, as an average horse will require almost 84,000 kJ continuing losses should be estimated and corrected. Maintenance of ...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1979·Equine Veterinary Journal·R J RoseI C Martin
May 10, 1979·The New England Journal of Medicine·M Fulop
Jun 16, 1979·The Veterinary Record·A R Michell
Jul 1, 1974·Equine Veterinary Journal·L B Jeffcott
Dec 1, 1972·Australian Veterinary Journal·T A Mason
Dec 2, 1971·The New England Journal of Medicine·G P Carlson
Sep 5, 1953·Journal of the American Medical Association·H W BOWMAN
Jun 1, 1954·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·W H BERGSTROM, W M WALLACE
Mar 1, 1948·The American Journal of Medicine·G T SHIRES, J HOLMAN
Mar 1, 1948·Annals of Internal Medicine·G T SHIRES, J HOLMAN

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Citations

Feb 1, 1993·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Comparative Physiology·J C Sneddon
Sep 1, 1991·Equine Veterinary Journal·D L DoxeyD M Pogson
Nov 1, 1986·The British Veterinary Journal·R J Rose
Mar 12, 2011·The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice·Harold C Schott
Dec 12, 2012·Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care·Rose D Nolen-Walston
Jul 1, 1986·Equine Veterinary Journal·J M HuntK W Clarke
Jul 1, 1986·Equine Veterinary Journal·R H Whitlock
Apr 1, 1983·Australian Veterinary Journal·R J RoseW Chan
Apr 6, 2004·The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice·Kevin T T Corley
May 13, 1999·Neurogastroenterology and Motility : the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society·D F CottrellG T Pearson
Nov 1, 1981·In Practice·S Ricketts
May 1, 1988·Equine Veterinary Journal·S GroenendykI Abetz
Mar 1, 1995·Journal of Psycholinguistic Research·H WinitzJ Starcev
Oct 7, 2005·American Journal of Veterinary Research·Harold C SchottSusan W Eberhart
Nov 1, 1985·Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing·R J UttamsinghL Finkelstein
Jul 29, 1996·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·D G ReidR H Thomas
Nov 26, 2004·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·S T Williams, D G Reid

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