PMID: 696817Sep 1, 1978Paper

A piezoelectric force transducer for single muscle cells

The American Journal of Physiology
Y L ChiuL E Ford

Abstract

A cantilevered piezoelectric force transducer is described. The cantilevered element has a 6-mm glass extension that can be projected into a horizontal muscle bath from above. By adjusting the length of the piezoelectric bar from 1 to 4 mm, the sensitivity of the device can be varied between 25 and 100 mV/mN (0.25--1.0 mV/mg) with its resonant frequency varying inversely between 8 and 15 kHz. Although moderately fragile, the sensing elements are inexpensive and easily made. The output of the sensing element is amplified by a small, unity-gain, high-input-resistance amplifier mounted on a support block with the element. Although the arrangement does not provide a DC output, its time constant of over 500 s is sufficiently long for measuring tension during muscle contractions lasting 1--2 s.

References

Dec 1, 1973·The Journal of General Physiology·J Lännergren, J Noth
Sep 1, 1973·Journal of Applied Physiology·H K JacobsF E South
Feb 1, 1969·The Journal of Physiology·D C Hellam, R J Podolsky

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Citations

Jan 21, 2000·Journal of Applied Physiology·M D BarbL E Ford
May 15, 2007·Journal of Biomechanics·C J Barclay, G A Lichtwark

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