A point-source norovirus outbreak caused by exposure to fomites.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
Kimberly K Repp, William E Keene

Abstract

We investigated a norovirus outbreak (genotype GII.2) affecting 9 members of a soccer team. Illness was associated with touching a reusable grocery bag or consuming its packaged food contents (risk difference, 0.636; P < .01). By polymerase chain reaction, GII norovirus was recovered from the bag, which had been stored in a bathroom used before the outbreak by a person with norovirus-like illness. Airborne contamination of fomites can lead to subsequent point-source outbreaks. When feasible, we recommend dedicated bathrooms for sick persons and informing cleaning staff (professional or otherwise) about the need for adequate environmental sanitation of surfaces and fomites to prevent spread.

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Citations

May 11, 2012·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Aron J Hall
Apr 6, 2013·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Kimberly K ReppWilliam E Keene
Sep 4, 2012·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Era TuladharErwin Duizer
Sep 5, 2013·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Carol Byrd-BredbennerVirginia Quick
Jan 30, 2016·BMC Infectious Diseases·Man Ling ChauTimothy Barkham
Sep 10, 2013·Infectious Disease Clinics of North America·Erin DicaprioJianrong Li
Jan 21, 2016·International Journal of Environmental Health Research·Cortney M LeoneAngela Fraser
Jul 16, 2013·Journal of Medical Virology·Martin C W ChanPaul K S Chan
Nov 8, 2015·Journal of Clinical Virology : the Official Publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology·Yan WangZhen Shen
Mar 3, 2015·The Journal of Hospital Infection·A KambhampatiB A Lopman
Apr 16, 2015·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Elisabetta LambertiniAbani K Pradhan
Nov 5, 2016·American Journal of Infection Control·Thomas YearginXiuping Jiang
Apr 28, 2016·PloS One·Nuria TornerUNKNOWN Working Group for the Study of Acute Viral Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in Catalonia
Sep 3, 2017·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·David BuckleyXiuping Jiang
Mar 23, 2019·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Jon ZelnerBen Lopman
May 21, 2019·Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases·Pearlie P Chong, Robert L Atmar
Dec 24, 2018·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Amanda M CastoAlexander L Greninger
Feb 22, 2017·Journal of Food Protection·Anita KambhampatiAron J Hall
Dec 6, 2017·Current Geriatrics Reports·Yingxi ChenMartyn D Kirk
Apr 9, 2020·Cadernos de saúde pública·Tatiana Coura OliveiraRaquel Martins Lana
Sep 1, 2018·Food Microbiology·Clyde S ManuelLee-Ann Jaykus
Dec 31, 2020·Environmental Science & Technology·Pengcheng Zhao, Yuguo Li
May 9, 2021·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Sarah E AbneyCharles P Gerba
Jul 27, 2021·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Katie N OverbeyKellogg J Schwab
Jun 9, 2020·Environmental Science & Technology·R C Hale, B Song

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