PMID: 8963918Dec 1, 1995Paper

A population-based survey of the prevalence of refractive error in Malawi

Ophthalmic Epidemiology
S LewallenG L Mehl

Abstract

Refractive errors, particularly myopia, are a common problem in industrialized countries, but the impression exists that myopia may be relatively uncommon in non-industrialized societies. We conducted a population-based survey of refractive error in two groups of Malawians: a group of rural agricultural workers (n = 510) and a group of students at an urban teachers' college (n = 534). The overall prevalence of myopia was low; 2.5% (95% confidence interval 1.3%, 3.7%) of participants had an error of -0.5 D or greater. The mean refractive error (right eye) in the urban student group was +0.52 D compared to +0.62 D among the rural agricultural workers and the excess myopia was accounted for by significant myopia (> or = -0.75 D) in a few individuals, rather than an overall shift towards myopia within the urban student group. Among the rural agricultural workers, literacy predicted refractive error (right eye), with a mean of +0.59 D in the rural literate compared to +0.67 D in the rural illiterate. These findings support the notion that myopia is uncommon in non-industrialized societies and that it is associated with increased literacy but we have not identified specific risk factors within this group to predict the occurrence of ...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 20, 1999·American Journal of Ophthalmology·H L LiouH R Taylor
Sep 23, 2003·Survey of Ophthalmology·Robert Alexander Weale
Apr 16, 2002·Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica·Loren CordainClark Jensen
Jul 24, 2001·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·S Lewallen, P Courtright
Oct 19, 2002·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·S H WednerA Foster
Dec 19, 2012·Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology·Assefa Wolde YaredEshete Zelalem
Jul 21, 2010·Ophthalmic Epidemiology·Sebastian BriesenSusan Lewallen
Jun 3, 2011·Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology·Justin C SherwinDavid A Mackey
Nov 26, 2008·American Journal of Ophthalmology·Elise CinerDwight Stambolian
Nov 24, 2004·Progress in Retinal and Eye Research·Ian Morgan, Kathryn Rose
Oct 25, 2006·Ophthalmic Epidemiology·Rènée du ToitGarry Brian
Sep 17, 2004·Ophthalmic Epidemiology·Hassan HashemiKazem Mohammad
Jun 8, 2010·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Christine L Allison
Jul 9, 2002·Eye·D Yorston, S Jalali
Mar 23, 2018·Journal of Current Ophthalmology·Hassan HashemiMehdi Khabazkhoob
Jun 9, 2020·Journal of Current Ophthalmology·Hassan HashemiMehdi Khabazkhoob
May 6, 2020·BMC Ophthalmology·Sara Abebaw Gessesse, Addisu Worku Teshome
Nov 19, 2003·Tropical Doctor·Susanne Wedner, Brendan Dineen
Nov 7, 2008·European Journal of Ophthalmology·J C SherwinN H Metcalfe

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