A Primer to (Cross-Cultural) Multi-Group Invariance Testing Possibilities in R

Frontiers in Psychology
Ronald Fischer, Johannes A Karl

Abstract

Psychology has become less WEIRD in recent years, marking progress toward becoming a truly global psychology. However, this increase in cultural diversity is not matched by greater attention to cultural biases in research. A significant challenge in culture-comparative research in psychology is that any comparisons are open to possible item bias and non-invariance. Unfortunately, many psychologists are not aware of problems and their implications, and do not know how to best test for invariance in their data. We provide a general introduction to invariance testing and a tutorial of three major classes of techniques that can be easily implemented in the free software and statistical language R. Specifically, we describe (1) confirmatory and multi-group confirmatory factor analysis, with extension to exploratory structural equation modeling, and multi-group alignment; (2) iterative hybrid logistic regression as well as (3) exploratory factor analysis and principal component analysis with Procrustes rotation. We pay specific attention to effect size measures of item biases and differential item function. Code in R is provided in the main text and online (see https://osf.io/agr5e/), and more extended code and a general introduction...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 4, 2020·International Journal of Psychology : Journal International De Psychologie·Ayse PayirKathleen Corriveau
Oct 31, 2020·Frontiers in Psychology·Andrej FindorLuca Váradi
Jan 1, 2021·Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience·Eduard T KlapwijkKathryn L Mills
Dec 24, 2020·JAMA Network Open·Ronald FischerFernando A Bozza
Feb 18, 2021·Wound Repair and Regeneration : Official Publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society·Catharina C von StülpnagelRachel Sommer
Mar 2, 2021·Eating and Weight Disorders : EWD·Jorge EncantadoMaria J Gouveia
Jun 15, 2021·Psychological Research·Jason Gary Van Staden, Christian William Callaghan
Jul 22, 2021·Personality and Individual Differences·Emanuel JaukAkio Wakabayashi
Aug 5, 2021·Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research·Dejan StevanovicRajna Knez
Aug 12, 2021·Death Studies·Emerson Diógenes de MedeirosPaloma C Bezerra de Medeiros
Aug 28, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Diana Rivera-OttenbergerPriscila Comino

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCA

Software Mentioned

devtools
lavaan
ccpsyc
semTools
psych
geominQ
dMACS
Mplus
GPArotation
lordif

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